Modelling the mass balance and salinity of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice


Première édition

Ice formed from seawater, called sea ice, is both an important actor in and a sensitive indicator of climate change. Covering 7% of the World Ocean, sea ice damps the atmosphere-ocean exchanges of heat, radiation and momentum in polar regions. It also affects the oceanic circulation at a global scale. Recent satellite and submarine observations systems indicate a sharp decrease in the extent and volume of Arctic sea ice over the last 30 years. In addition, climate models project drastic sea ice reductions for the next century, in both hemispheres, with potentially large consequences on climate and ecosystems.

Contrary to what is commonly believed, sea ice retains about 25% of the oceanic salt when it forms. As salt cannot lock in the ice crystalline lattice, it accumulates in liquid inclusions of salty water (brine). Under a temperature change, the inclusions freeze or melt and release or absorb huge amounts of latent heat. This affects heat transfer through and storage in sea ice, which may affect the mass balance of sea ice at a global scale. This is the central hypothesis of this work.

In order to address this problem, the author develops two sea ice models and assesses their ability to simulate the recent evolution of the sea ice mass balance. Then, the physics of brine uptake and drainage are included in the models and sea ice desalination is investigated. Finally, the impact of sea ice salinity variations on the global sea ice mass balance is studied. The roles of sea ice thermal properties, of ice-ocean salt / fresh water fluxes and of oceanic feedbacks are evaluated. The new salinity module improves the simulation of ice and ocean characteristics compared to observations. Including salinity variations increases ice growth, reduces vertical mixing in the ocean and the ocean-to-ice heat flux. In conclusion, salinity variations should be included in future sea ice models used for climate projections.


Livre broché - 36,00 €

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Spécifications


Éditeur
Presses universitaires de Louvain
Auteur
Martin Vancoppenolle,
Collection
Thèses de la Faculté des sciences
Langue
français
Catégorie (éditeur)
Sciences exactes
BISAC Subject Heading
SCI000000 SCIENCE
Code publique Onix
06 Professionnel et académique
CLIL (Version 2013-2019 )
3051 SCIENCES FONDAMENTALES
Date de première publication du titre
01 janvier 2008
Subject Scheme Identifier Code
Classification thématique Thema: Mathématiques et sciences
Type d'ouvrage
Monographie

Livre broché


Date de publication
01 janvier 2008
ISBN-13
978-2-87463-113-9
Ampleur
Nombre de pages de contenu principal : 220
Format
17 x 24 x 1,3 cm
Poids
384 grammes
Prix
36,00 €
ONIX XML
Version 2.1, Version 3

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