Presses universitaires de Louvain
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Corpora and Language in Use
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Multidimensional Perspectives on Interlanguage
Exploring may and can across Learner Corpora
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Onixsuite Contributor ID
6212
Sandra Deshors
Deshors, Sandra
Sandra
Deshors
<p>Sandra C. Deshors completed her PhD at the University of Sussex, UK. She currently holds an Assistant Professor position in French and Linguistics in the Languages and Linguistics department at New Mexico State University (USA).</p>
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Liesbeth Degand
Degand, Liesbeth
Liesbeth
Degand
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B09
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Onixsuite Contributor ID
5829
Gaëtanelle Gilquin
Gilquin, Gaëtanelle
Gaëtanelle
Gilquin
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eng
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298
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LAN009000
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LAN009020
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LAN009060
24
INTERNET
anglais
24
INTERNET
Langues, liguistique et littératures
29
2012
3147
Linguistique, Sciences du langage
01
06
22
00
03
00
<p>This volume is a comprehensive corpus-based study of how learners of English (specifically French and Chinese) use the modal verbs <em>may </em>and <em>can</em>. Taking the reader through four related case studies that emphasize particular aspects of second language acquisition and learner corpus research, this volume shows how our understanding of learner language is significantly improved when a cognitive linguistic theoretical approach is combined with a quantitative multifactorial methodology. Specifically, new aspects of learner grammars are unveiled and cognitively informed hypotheses are formulated about how interlanguage varieties crystallize. Ultimately, this volume sheds light on the overarching question of what motivates English learners to shape their second language the way they do.</p>
<p>This volume presents insightful data valuable to researchers and postgraduate students whose main interests include: modality, learner corpus research, applied approaches to construction grammar and corpus-based cognitive linguistics. This volume is also suitable for researchers interested in multifactorial analyses and how several variables can simultaneously affect the production of learner language.</p>
02
00
This volume is a comprehensive corpus-based study of how learners of English (specifically French and Chinese) use the modal verbs may and can. It presents insightful data valuable to researchers whose main interests include: modality, learner corpus research, applied approaches to construction grammar and corpus-based cognitive linguistics.
03
00
<p>This volume is a comprehensive corpus-based study of how learners of English (specifically French and Chinese) use the modal verbs <em>may </em>and <em>can</em>. Taking the reader through four related case studies that emphasize particular aspects of second language acquisition and learner corpus research, this volume shows how our understanding of learner language is significantly improved when a cognitive linguistic theoretical approach is combined with a quantitative multifactorial methodology. Specifically, new aspects of learner grammars are unveiled and cognitively informed hypotheses are formulated about how interlanguage varieties crystallize. Ultimately, this volume sheds light on the overarching question of what motivates English learners to shape their second language the way they do.</p>
<p>This volume presents insightful data valuable to researchers and postgraduate students whose main interests include: modality, learner corpus research, applied approaches to construction grammar and corpus-based cognitive linguistics. This volume is also suitable for researchers interested in multifactorial analyses and how several variables can simultaneously affect the production of learner language.</p>
02
00
This volume is a comprehensive corpus-based study of how learners of English (specifically French and Chinese) use the modal verbs may and can. It presents insightful data valuable to researchers whose main interests include: modality, learner corpus research, applied approaches to construction grammar and corpus-based cognitive linguistics.
04
00
<p>Table of Contents<br />
Acknowledgments 13<br />
List of abbreviations and acronyms 15<br />
List of tables 16<br />
List of figures 18<br />
Chapter 1: Towards a multidimensional study of may and can in learner language 21<br />
1.1 Scope of the book 21<br />
1.2 Background 21<br />
1.3 Methodological and theoretical assumptions 23<br />
1.4 Outline 26<br />
Chapter 2: May and can: Some preliminaries 29<br />
2.1 Introduction 29<br />
2.2 May and can as modal auxiliaries 30<br />
2.3 May and can and their traditional meanings 33<br />
2.4 The grammatical contexts of modal verbs: Insights from qualitative studies 41<br />
2.5 The grammatical contexts of modal verbs: Insights from quantitative studies 46<br />
2.6 Conclusion and outlook 52<br />
Chapter 3: Ways of investigating interlanguage 55<br />
3.1 The nature of interlanguage 55<br />
3.1.1 The psycholinguistic facet of interlanguage systems 56<br />
3.1.2 The linguistic facet of interlanguage systems 58<br />
3.1.3 Interim summary: Towards a tripartite approach to interlanguage 59<br />
3.2 Some methodological considerations 60<br />
3.3 Second language corpus work 63<br />
3.3.1 The contrastive analysis and contrastive interlanguage analysis approaches to learner language 63<br />
3.3.2 Ready-made corpus tools for learner corpus research 65<br />
3.3.3 Insights from traditional corpus-based studies on modals 66<br />
3.3.4 From description to prediction:<br />
Towards a methodological shift in learner corpus research 71<br />
3.4 On the relevance of cognitive usage-based approaches to interlanguage 72<br />
3.4.1 Cognitive approaches to language and grammar: Some basic assumptions 73<br />
3.4.2 Usage-based approaches 75<br />
3.4.3 Grammatical contexts and speakers' lexical choices 76<br />
3.4.4 Prototype formation and construction acquisition in L2 78<br />
3.5 Conclusion 80<br />
Chapter 4: Methodological issues 81<br />
4.1 Introduction 81<br />
4.2 An approach to semantic similarity: Behavioral Profiles 83<br />
4.3 Approaches to alternation phenomena:<br />
Description and prediction 86<br />
4.4 Interim summary 88<br />
4.5 The present study: Material and annotation 89<br />
4.5.1 Introduction 89<br />
4.5.2 Corpora and retrieval 89<br />
4.5.3 Annotation of the semantic variables 96<br />
4.5.4 Annotation of the syntactic variables 111<br />
4.5.5 Annotation of the morphological variables 112<br />
4.5.6 Annotation of other variables 115<br />
4.6 The present study: Statistical approaches 117<br />
4.6.1 Behavioral profile vectors 118<br />
4.6.2 Monofactorial statistical tests 118<br />
4.6.3 Multifactorial statistical approaches 119<br />
4.6.4 Distinctive collexeme analysis 122<br />
Chapter 5: Interlanguage variation: Constraints on the production of written interlanguage 125<br />
5.1 Introduction 125<br />
5.2 The patterning of French pouvoir: A brief overview 126<br />
5.3 May vs. can vs. pouvoir 128<br />
5.4 The data sample and its statistical treatment 130<br />
5.5 Results 133<br />
5.5.1 An overall look at the monofactorial results 134<br />
5.5.2 Monofactorial exploration: The semantic variables 136<br />
5.5.3 Monofactorial exploration: The morphological variables 148<br />
5.5.4 Monofactorial exploration: The syntactic variables 153<br />
5.5.5 Monofactorial exploration: Other variables 156<br />
5.5.6 Cluster analysis 157<br />
5.5.7 Binary logistic regression 164<br />
5.6 Conclusion: How grammatical contexts constrain the<br />
lexical choices of French learners of English 171<br />
Chapter 6: Interlanguage variation across learner English varieties 173<br />
6.1 Introduction 173<br />
6.2 A brief note on the grammatical contexts of<br />
modal verbs in Chinese 173<br />
6.3 The data sample and its statistical treatment 175<br />
6.4 May and can constructions:<br />
Assessing (dis)similarities across French- and<br />
Chinese-English interlanguage and native English 177<br />
6.4.1 French- vs. Chinese-English interlanguage 178<br />
6.4.2 French- and Chinese-English interlanguage vs.<br />
native English 182<br />
6.5 Conclusion: Towards an understanding of the different conventionalization patterns of may and can across learner varieties 188<br />
Chapter 7: Speech, writing and interlanguage variation 191<br />
7.1 Introduction 191<br />
7.2 The conventionalization of grammatical patterns across the spoken and written registers 192<br />
7.3 Quantitative approaches to co-occurrence patterns in spoken and written registers 194<br />
7.3.1 Studies based on native language 194<br />
7.3.2 Studies based on learner language 195<br />
7.4 Methodological considerations 197<br />
7.5 The data sample and its statistical treatment 198<br />
7.6. Results 200<br />
7.6.1 General results 200<br />
7.6.2 Effects that apply to both English learner varieties and native English 202<br />
7.6.3 Effect that distinguish Englishes varieties 206<br />
7.7 Conclusion: Towards an understanding of the different conventionalization patterns of may and can in L2 speech and writing 210<br />
Multidimensional Perspectives on Interlanguage<br />
Chapter 8: A closer look at the verb complementation<br />
patterns of may and can across L1 and L2 213<br />
8.1 Introduction 213<br />
8.2 Which lexical verbs do English learners modalize? 213<br />
Chapter 9: The benefits of a multifactorial approach<br />
to interlanguage 223<br />
9.1 Introduction 223<br />
9.2 Evaluating the usefulness of the BP approach and the use of sophisticated statistical techniques 225<br />
9.2.1 The BP approach and may and can as lexical items 226<br />
9.2.2 The BP approach and the (cross-linguistic) influence of grammatical contexts on interlanguage may and can 227<br />
9.3 A corpus-based exploration of the processing and acquisition of interlanguage may and can 229<br />
9.3.1 May, can and the notion of a default term 229<br />
9.3.2 Further arguments in favor of a default can 232<br />
9.3.3 Default can across speech and writing and learner varieties 235<br />
9.3.4 May, can and their acquisition in L2 238<br />
9.4 Future work and concluding remarks 242<br />
References 247<br />
Appendices 259<br />
Appendix A: Frequency tables<br />
Table A.1 Frequency table for the semantic variable<br />
VerbSemantics before conflation 259<br />
Table A.2 Frequency table for the semantic variable<br />
SpeakPresence 259<br />
Table A.3 Frequency table for the semantic variable<br />
VerbType (after conflation) 259<br />
Table A.4 Frequency table for the semantic variable<br />
RefAnim (no conflation) 260<br />
Table A.5 Frequency table for the semantic variable<br />
AnimType (after conflation) 260<br />
Table A.6 Frequency table for the morphological variable<br />
SubjMorph (after conflation) 260<br />
Table A.7 Frequency table for the morphological variable<br />
SubjPerson (no conflation) 261<br />
Table of Contents<br />
Table A.8 Frequency table for the morphological variable<br />
Voice (no conflation) 261<br />
Table A.9 Frequency table for the morphological variable<br />
Aspect (no conflation) 261<br />
Table A.10 Frequency table for the morphological variable<br />
Elliptic (no conflation) 261<br />
Table A.11 Frequency table for the syntactic variable<br />
Neg (no conflation) 262<br />
Table A.12 Frequency table for the syntactic variable<br />
SentType (no conflation) 262<br />
Table A.13 Frequency table for the syntactic variable<br />
ClType (no conflation) 262<br />
Table A.14 Frequency table for the data variable<br />
GramAcc (no conflation) 262<br />
Table A.15 Frequency table for the data variable<br />
Corpus (no conflation) 263<br />
Appendix B: Tables of distinguishing collexemes<br />
Table B.1 Collexemes distinguishing between can and may<br />
in native English 264<br />
Table B.2 Collexemes distinguishing between can and may<br />
in French-English IL 268<br />
Table B.3 Collexemes distinguishing between can and may<br />
in Chinese-English IL 272<br />
Appendix C: Tables of Behavioral Profile vectors<br />
Table C.1 Behavioral Profile vectors for canil , cannative, mayil,<br />
maynative and pouvoir for all semantic predictors 275<br />
Table C.2 Behavioral Profile vectors for canil , cannative, mayil,<br />
maynative and pouvoir for all syntactic predictors 276<br />
Table C.3 Behavioral Profile vectors for canil , cannative, mayil,<br />
maynative and pouvoir for all morphological predictors 277<br />
Appendix D: Summaries of regression models with coefficients<br />
Table D.1 Summary of the regression model for the first case study 278<br />
Table D.2 Summary of the regression model for the second case study 280<br />
Table D.3 Summary of the regression model for the third case study 283<br />
Subject Index<br />
Author Index</p>
16
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Corpora and Language in Use is a series aimed at publishing research monographs and conference proceedings in the area of corpus linguistics and language in use.
16
00
Corpora and Language in Use is a series aimed at publishing research monographs and conference proceedings in the area of corpus linguistics and language in use.
17
00
<p>Corpora and Language in Use is a series aimed at publishing research monographs and conference proceedings in the area of corpus linguistics and language in use. The main focus is on corpus data, but research that compares corpus data to other kinds of empirical data, such as experimental or questionnaire data, is also of interest, as well as studies focusing on the design and use of new methods and tools for processing language texts.</p> <p>The series also welcomes volumes that show the relevance of corpus analysis to application fields such as lexicography, language learning and teaching, or natural language processing.</p> <p> </p> <p>Editorial Board<br /> Kate Beeching (University of the West of England, Bristol)<br /> Douglas Biber (Northern Arizona University)<br /> Mireille Bilger (Université de Perpignan)<br /> Benjamin Fagard (Université Paris 3)<br /> Sylviane Granger (Université catholique de Louvain)<br /> Stefan Th. Gries (University of California, Santa Barbara)<br /> Hilde Hasselgård (University of Oslo)<br /> Philippe Hiligsmann (Université catholique de Louvain)<br /> Diana Lewis (Université de Provence Aix-Marseille I)<br /> Christian Mair (Universität Freiburg)<br /> Fanny Meunier (Université catholique de Louvain)<br /> Rosamund Moon (University of Birmingham)<br /> Maj-Britt Mosegaard Hansen (University of Manchester)<br /> Joanne Neff-van Aertselaer (Universidad Complutense de Madrid)<br /> Marie-Paule Péry-Woodley (Université de Toulouse 2 - Jean Jaurès)<br /> Paul Rayson (Lancaster University)<br /> Ted Sanders (Utrecht University)<br /> Anne Catherine Simon (Université catholique de Louvain)</p>
17
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<p>Corpora and Language in Use is a series aimed at publishing research monographs and conference proceedings in the area of corpus linguistics and language in use. The main focus is on corpus data, but research that compares corpus data to other kinds of empirical data, such as experimental or questionnaire data, is also of interest, as well as studies focusing on the design and use of new methods and tools for processing language texts.</p> <p>The series also welcomes volumes that show the relevance of corpus analysis to application fields such as lexicography, language learning and teaching, or natural language processing.</p> <p> </p> <p>Editorial Board<br /> Kate Beeching (University of the West of England, Bristol)<br /> Douglas Biber (Northern Arizona University)<br /> Mireille Bilger (Université de Perpignan)<br /> Benjamin Fagard (Université Paris 3)<br /> Sylviane Granger (Université catholique de Louvain)<br /> Stefan Th. Gries (University of California, Santa Barbara)<br /> Hilde Hasselgård (University of Oslo)<br /> Philippe Hiligsmann (Université catholique de Louvain)<br /> Diana Lewis (Université de Provence Aix-Marseille I)<br /> Christian Mair (Universität Freiburg)<br /> Fanny Meunier (Université catholique de Louvain)<br /> Rosamund Moon (University of Birmingham)<br /> Maj-Britt Mosegaard Hansen (University of Manchester)<br /> Joanne Neff-van Aertselaer (Universidad Complutense de Madrid)<br /> Marie-Paule Péry-Woodley (Université de Toulouse 2 - Jean Jaurès)<br /> Paul Rayson (Lancaster University)<br /> Ted Sanders (Utrecht University)<br /> Anne Catherine Simon (Université catholique de Louvain)</p>
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